Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

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Frequently Asked Questions

Welcome to our FAQs page! Here, we address some of the most common questions about halitosis (bad breath) and functional dentistry. Our goal is to provide clear, helpful information to support your journey toward better oral and overall health.

Halitosis, or bad breath, affects many individuals and can result from various factors, including poor oral hygiene, food sensitivities, smoking, medications, gum disease, gastrointestinal disorders, and other systemic health conditions.

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Bad breath can originate from the mouth, sinus cavity, nasal passages, or digestive system. The oral microbiome consists of over 600 hundred types of bacteria that feed on food particles left in your mouth. As these bacteria break down food, they produce volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs), indoles, skatoles, amines, and ammonia, which can cause bad breath, gum inflammation, and oral damage. The presence of these compounds may also indicate an issue beyond the oral cavity, such as gut imbalances or sinus infections.

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The oral microbiome and gut microbiome are closely linked. The human body contains trillions of microorganisms, with the mouth and gut housing some of the most diverse microbial communities. Though these areas are physiologically different, oral bacteria can reach and colonize the digestive tract, and vice versa, leading to dysbiosis (microbial imbalance) that affects both oral and systemic health.

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Diagnosing halitosis properly requires advanced testing, as not all diagnostic methods are equally accurate. At Fresh Breath Center NYC, we use:

  • Oral Chromatography Testing – Measures the presence of volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs).
  • Oral DNA Testing – Identifies and quantifies specific bacteria present in the oral cavity.
  • Gut Microbiome Testing– Identifies imbalances in the digestive system that may cause bad breath
  • Inflammatory Marker Testing– Identifies inflammation that can lead to digestive insufficiency


Once the cause is identified, we create a customized treatment plan tailored to your unique needs.

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Functional dentistry takes a holistic, root-cause approach to oral health rather than just treating symptoms. It considers the connection between the oral microbiome and systemic health, focusing on prevention, nutrition, and whole-body wellness. This approach ensures that dental treatments support overall well-being, not just oral health.

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Traditional dentistry typically focuses on treating specific dental issues as they arise, such as cavities, gum disease, and tooth decay. While these treatments are important, functional dentistry takes a more proactive approach by:

  • Preventing problems before they start with early detection and risk assessment.
  • Considering the whole body, including gut health, airway function, and inflammation, in treatment planning.
  • Providing customized care based on individual health needs rather than using a one-size-fits-all approach.

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Functional dentistry is ideal for anyone seeking a proactive, holistic approach to oral health. It may be especially beneficial for individuals with:

  • Chronic health conditions, such as gum disease, digestive issues, or autoimmune disorders.
  • Persistent bad breath despite good oral hygiene.
  • A desire for preventive care that prioritizes overall wellness.


If you’re interested in a comprehensive, whole-body approach to your dental care, functional dentistry may be the right choice for you.

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